• In addition to pH regulation by ion

  2024-10-25

  

  In addition to pH regulation by ion (counter-) fluxes, acidification is regulated by the abundance of V-ATPase on organelles, by the pumping activity of the complex and by proton leakage. In yeast, the V-ATPase VO subunit a is the only subunit expressed in two isoforms termed Stv1p and Vph1p. V-ATPa

• ATM is generally regarded to be the principal mediator of

  2024-10-25

  

  ATM is generally regarded to be the principal mediator of the G1 transcription factor checkpoint, whereas the induction of the intra-S-phase and G2/M checkpoints are usually primarily related to ATR function. However, several studies have demonstrated that, depending on the cellular context and type

• br ROS in AiP and regeneration Tissue wounding and

  2024-10-25

  

  ROS in AiP and regeneration Tissue wounding and inflammation are associated with production of ROS, and recent studies show that generation of ROS, especially during the initial stages of wounding and regeneration are essential for an efficient wound healing response. ROS, in particular H2O2 func

• TUNEL assay Apoptotic DNA fragmentation in cells was measure

  2024-10-25

  

  TUNEL assay. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation in Leupeptin was measured using a commercially available TUNEL assay kit (Thermo Fisher). Frozen cells were fixed with 10% paraformaldehyde/PBS. Apoptosis was determined by staining the 3′-OH ends of fragmented DNA with biotin-dNTP using DNA I klenow fragment

• br The role of apelin

  2024-10-25

  

  The role of apelin in hepatic diseases The involvement of the apelin/APJ system in liver physiology and pathology has been proven in numerous studies (Table 6). For instance, in the experiment of Emam et al. [63] on rats suffering from hepatic injury, apelin decreased the levels of ALT, AST and L

• The most common grade AEs associated with the soluble fusion

  2024-10-25

  

  The most common grade 3/4 AEs associated with the soluble fusion protein ziv-aflibercept are neutropenia, hypertension, and diarrhea [63]. In general, medical oncologists associate ziv-aflibercept with worse toxicity than BV, and meta-analyses of clinical trial data with ziv-aflibercept or BV suppor

• Interestingly ZIP expression was decreased in dog testes aft

  2024-10-25

  

  Interestingly, ZIP9 expression was decreased in dog testes after they were implanted with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) which the authors proposed was due to androgen ablation (Bulldan et al., 2016a). The expression of other members of the ZIP (SLC39A) family has also been shown to be regula

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments br

  2024-10-25

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Introduction Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity in the Hydroxysafflor yellow A are thought to be involved in memory acquisition. Synaptic plasticity is categorised into two main types, long-term depression (LTD) and long

• However relatively little information is available

  2024-10-25

  

  However, relatively little information is available concerning the biochemical properties and other features of such enzymes in Taeniid species. In the current report, a M17 leucine aminopeptidase gene of T. pisiformis (TpLAP) was cloned and expressed, and its enzymatic activity, biochemical propert

• br Polymorphic variation ERAP is

  2024-10-25

  

  Polymorphic variation ERAP1 is polymorphic and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in its gene that encode amino Meropenem changes have been associated with predisposition to a variety of diseases, ranging from viral infections to cancer and autoimmunity (Alvarez-Navarro and Lopez de

• br Author contributions br Funding This work was supported

  2024-10-25

  

  Author contributions Funding This work was supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project no. 14-16220S. Additional support was provided by NIH R01CA117907 grant awarded to J.M.E. Conflict of interest Introduction The dioxin-like family includes polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgments This research was funded b

  2024-10-24

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgments This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Committee (NSFC) of China (Nos. 81171058 and 81471146) and Capital Development Scientific Research in China (Nos. 2011-5001-04 and 2014-4-5013). We are grateful for all of the participants who donated blood

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion In

  2024-10-24

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the contribution of adenosine receptors to vascular tone in mice with T1D. We showed that diabetes resulted in decreased A1 adenosine receptor-mediated contraction in the aorta, which was accompanied by inc

• Overexpression of SMAD and SMAD strongly enhanced luciferase

  2024-10-24

  

  Overexpression of SMAD3 and SMAD4 strongly enhanced luciferase activity of the new pN10 reporter gene construct which was further reinforced by addition of TGFβ. Serial mutations of SBE-1 and SBE-2 led to a slight loss in 5-LO promoter inducibility. The data demonstrate that the two SBEs within the

• br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sp

  2024-10-24

  

  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

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